• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:DK200700089U1
    申请号:DK200700089U
    申请日:2007-03-07
    公开日:2007-04-13
    发明作者:Laursen Martin
    申请人:Dlt Group As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    in DK 2007 00089 U3
    A balcony sheet mold, as well as its use, the scope of the invention
    The present invention relates to a balcony sheet mold for forming a balcony sheet during a molding process, according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as its use.
    The prior art
    The use of concrete for construction is very widespread, as concrete is a relatively inexpensive, durable and flexible material. It is therefore also widespread to use concrete for the manufacture of other than the supporting parts of a building - be it facade cladding, stairs, repos , balconies and more.
    When parts to be entered are made in concrete, there is often a requirement that at least the walkway be made with some form of surface structure. This may be for aesthetic reasons, but the primary reason is most often slip resistance.
    The known method of providing the finished concrete product with such a structural surface is to design the concrete mold with plates having the desired structural surface at the desired locations, whereby this structure is transferred to the concrete blank during casting. This structural surface in the concrete molds is typically made using sheets of so-called mold plywood, which is a strong plywood with a textured surface. The plywood veneers are * at least on the surface (s) in contact with the concrete during the casting process - coated with a phenolic film which ensures that the surface is relatively durable, waterproof and easy to clean.
    The disadvantage of casting plywood, however, is that these plates are only made up to a certain size (typically max. 3000 x 1500 mm), and if you need to cast larger workpieces you will have to make a bump between two plates in the mold. This opens up the risk of water being able to penetrate between and into the plates, thereby expanding the plates and destroying the mold. Furthermore, such a shock will often be visible in the finished element, which may be undesirable for aesthetic reasons, among other things.
    In addition, these mold plywood sheets are only made in a very limited number of variants, which means that the range of surface textures is very limited.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a mold which does not contain the disadvantages and problems of the aforementioned prior art.
    The invention
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a balcony sheet mold for forming balcony sheets during a molding process. The mold comprises a substantially mold-stable mold construction comprising one or more mold surfaces, the mold surfaces defining and shaping one or more surfaces on the balcony sheet during the molding process. The molding is characterized in that one or more of said one or more molding surfaces is fully or partially covered with an overlay structure giving coating.
    It is advantageous to coat the mold surfaces in a mold with a surface structure-giving coating, in that it is thus possible in a simple and inexpensive way to equip the mold with means for transferring a surface structure to the molded article or articles.
    By not allowing the surface-structuring part of the mold to be an integral part of the shaping and shape-stable part of the mold, but instead providing it in the form of an independent coating without independent mold stability, it is thus possible to just replace the coating when this is worn or broken, thus reusing the mold itself. This means that the total cost of the mold in its lifetime can be reduced.
    DK 2007 00089 U3 3
    In addition, a self-surface coating structure allows the transfer of an almost infinite number of different patterns to the molded material. In the prior art, one is limited to being able to use only the patterns of plywood board manufacturers provide. These may well be altered for a fee, but a plant for supplying plywood sheets with a specific surface structure will be both very expensive and significantly increase the manufacturing time of the molds.
    In contrast, with a mold according to the invention, it is possible - in a substantially simpler and less expensive way - to provide the mold with a surface coating which gives exactly the surface structure of the finished cast as desired.
    It should be noted that by the term "molding process" is meant that the process which takes place from a more or less liquid casting material is "poured" into a mold and at least solidified to the molding material that it is substantially has permanently acquired the shape of the mold.
    One aspect of the invention is that said surface structural coating is glass fiber web.
    20
    Fiberglass fabric is a very strong, inactive, durable and inexpensive material which is available as a standard in a variety of designs which can provide the desired surface structure to the molding sheets in a mold.
    If there is no glass fabric with the desired surface structure on the market, it is also significantly cheaper and faster to obtain a specially woven fiberglass fabric with the desired structure than it is to obtain plywood sheets with the desired structure.
    4 DK 2007 00089 U3
    An aspect of the invention is that said surface structuring coating is affixed to said one or more mold surfaces by adhesive such as a wet room adhesive or a urea based adhesive.
    In order to ensure that the surface-structuring coating does not loosen due to the strong stresses it is exposed to during the casting process, it is important that the coating is securely attached to the molding surface (s) on which it is mounted.
    By using an adhesive for this purpose, it can be ensured that the entire surface structural coating is sufficiently attached to the substrate.
    By using a wet-space adhesive or a urea-based adhesive, it is also ensured that the surface-structuring coating is securely attached to the substrate throughout the life of the mold or for at least for such a long time that it is not because of the adhesive that the mold may. needs to be renovated. Namely, wet room adhesives and urea-based adhesives are not dissolved or otherwise affected by moisture and / or any leaking chemicals from the molding material. In addition, these adhesive types are so temperature resistant that they are not affected by severe variations in temperature, which is also advantageous. for concrete, the temperature of the concrete can easily reach 60 ° C.
    An aspect of the invention is that all or part of said surface structuring coating is further covered by a moisture-permeable top layer.
    The surface structural coating will typically be porous, and even if it does. If the adhesive is glued to the substrate, there is in no way any guarantee that moisture or water from the molding material cannot penetrate the coating and further into the underlying material and damage it.
    Therefore, it is advantageous to cover the surface-structuring coating with a moisture-permeable top layer that can ensure that moisture and the like cannot penetrate and damage e.g. an underlying plywood sheet or damage the glue so that the surface-structuring coating loosens from the mold.
    If the workpiece to be cast is very large, it may be necessary to make shocks in the surface-structuring coating. Therefore, it is also advantageous to cover the surface-structuring coating with an additional layer, since it is thus possible in a simple way to smooth the transition between the two coatings, whereby the transition becomes almost or completely invisible on the finished piece.
    An aspect of the invention is that said topcoat is a 2-component epoxy topcoat.
    2-component epoxy topcoat provides a very strong and durable surface that reduces the risk of damage to the surface-structuring coating.
    In addition, 2-component epoxy topcoats or in each case special editions of these varnishes, such as “P.D. Model Toplak 1361 "from the company Schmidt Nielsen Aps in Brabrand - Denmark, the special feature that they make the items cast in the mold does not" stick "to the mold. Before casting, all the molding sheets in the mold are typically lubricated with an abrasive, for example in the form of beeswax or mold oil, but this can easily burn during the curing process or otherwise disappear locally, which opens up the possibility of the subject "sticking" to the mold, Molding material such as concrete binds very poorly on this type of lacquer, so by using 2-component epoxy topcoat the risk that the finished cured item cannot be removed from the mold without damaging or damaging it.
    At the same time, 2-component epoxy topcoat also has a viscosity and a cure time to ensure that it not only lies in depressions in the surface structure-giving coating and thereby smoothes the structure, but essentially where it is applied so that the surface structure of the mold essentially retained unchanged.
    6 DK 2007 00089 U3
    One aspect of the invention is that substantially all of said surface structural coating is covered by said moisture impervious top layer.
    Covering substantially all of the surface structural coating with a moisture-permeable top coat reduces the risk of moisture, chemicals or other, penetrating and destroying or otherwise damaging the adhesive or underlying plywood.
    One aspect of the invention is that said mold construction is made of wood.
    Wood is an inexpensive, strong and very easily machinable material, which is therefore extremely suitable for the production of mold-stable mold constructions.
    An aspect of the invention is that one or more of said one or more molding surfaces comprises one or more plywood sheets having substantially smooth surfaces.
    Plywood is a very strong, easily processable and durable material. By using smooth plywood sheets (as opposed to sheets with one or more peeled surfaces) to help ensure the mold stability of molds in a mold, it is also relatively inexpensive, which is why it is suitable for this purpose.
    One aspect of the invention is that said molding material is concrete.
    Concrete is a widely used casting material e.g. used in conjunction with construction, and especially in connection with concrete elements used for aisle areas, such as balconies, pavers, stairs, and the like, it is advantageous to use concrete in combination with a mold comprising surface structural coating on one or more of the mold surfaces. this makes it possible to provide the walkway surfaces on the finished balcony slabs with a non-slip tread in a simple and inexpensive way.
    7 DK 2007 00089 U3
    It should be pointed out that in this context concrete must be understood as a mixture comprising one or more of the components: cement, water, sand and gravel.
    The invention further relates to the use of a mold according to one or more of claims 1 to 9 for molding balcony sheets comprising a surface calculated as a walking area.
    The use of a mold comprising surface-structuring coatings on one or more of the molding surfaces is advantageous, since it is possible in a simple and inexpensive way to provide the walkway surfaces on the finished balcony sheets with a non-slip tread.
    List of Figures
    The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which: 1 shows an example of a concrete mold for casting a flat balcony bottom plate, seen in perspective; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a mold similar to that shown in FIG. 1, as seen from the end, FIG. 3 is a side view of a bottom mold for a concrete mold according to the invention; 4 is a top view of a pattern of a piece of fiberglass fabric; and FIG. 5 is a side view of a cross-sectional view of a balcony sheet made in a mold according to the invention.
    8 DK 2007 00089 U3
    Detailed description
    Fig. 1 shows an example of a concrete mold 1 for casting a flat balcony bottom plate, seen in perspective. The mold 1 could, in principle, also be used for other types of molding material, such as latex, stearin, plastic, asphalt or other, which can be shaped by pouring molding material in a more or less liquid state into mold 1, where it changes to a solid and form stable state, acquires the shape of the mold 1.
    The mold 1 comprises a base plate 3 and a plurality of side plates 4. In a conventional concrete mold, at least the base plate 3 would be a molded plywood sheet with a textured surface. Molding plywood sheets are plywood sheets of e.g. birch, spruce, hardwood or a combination thereof peeled on one or more sides to give the surfaces structure. The peeled page (s) plus any. other sides are then coated with a phenolic film which ensures a strong, waterproof and durable surface.
    Typically, mold plywood sheets are machined maximum in a sheet size of 1500 x 3000 mm, and they are made only with a very limited number of different surface structures.
    FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mold of mold 1 similar to that shown in FIG. 1, as seen from the end.
    This type of concrete mold 1 is typically used to make concrete blanks 2 with a limited number. It can for example. be balcony sheets for an architect-designed housing block, where mold 1 must be used to make e.g. three hundred identical balconies, after which the form 1 will no longer be used.
    A concrete mold 1 for concrete blanks 2 with a limited number is typically made of wood, since this is a cheap, strong and easily workable material. The mold 1 is made of a mold structure 11, which is typically built up of a number of load-bearing and reinforcing beams, which ensure the mold stability of the mold 1 and possibly any. brings the actual shape 1 up to a good working height.
    The mold structure 11 also includes the mold 1 itself, which has direct contact with the concrete. As previously mentioned, this is typically made of plywood board 3, 4, as this type of plate is relatively inexpensive, strong and easy to process. If the shape 1 is larger than e.g. 1500 x 3000 mm, if it comprises several levels or in other ways contains details that prevent the mold from being made by a whole base plate 3, then the end faces of the plate pieces are pushed against each other, possibly. with a sealant or glue in between. But the wood will work due to varying loads, varying humidity, varying temperature, innate internal stresses and more, which means that the gap in the shock will open and close slightly. This means that there is a considerable risk that moisture from the concrete may over time penetrate into the slit and further into the slabs 3, whereby the slabs 3 expand and the mold 1 loses its original shape. Once the plates have expanded due to moisture, they will never fully regain their original shape and therefore there is nothing else to do but replace the affected plates.
    Another problem with this kind of shock is that even if you make the shock with great care that the surface pattern on one plate matches almost perfectly with the surface pattern on the next plate, there will still be a small gap between the plate pieces resulting in a visible "strip" on the finished concrete blank 2.
    FIG. 3 is a side view of a section of a bottom plate 3 of a concrete mold 1 according to the invention. In this embodiment of the invention, the bottom plate 3 consists of a plywood sheet 5 which is smooth on both sides. In another embodiment, the plywood sheet could be replaced by a particle board, an MDF sheet, a metal sheet, a plastic sheet or some other type of sheet which is strong and form-stable enough to be used to give the concrete the desired shape during the casting process.
    10 DK 2007 00089 U3 On the side of the plate 5 which faces the concrete during the casting process, the plate 5 is covered with a surface structure-giving coating 6 which provides the interior of the mold 1 with the desired surface structure. In this embodiment of the invention, the surface structural coating 6 is a layer of fiberglass fabric 9, but in another embodiment of the invention, the mold 1 could be coated with plastic, rubber, metal or other mats which are durable and suitable for transferring a desired surface structure. for a concrete blank 2.
    The overall height H of the surface structural coating 6 varies slightly over the entire area covered, but in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the maximum thickness H of the surface structural coating 6 is between 0.1 and 10 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 6. and most preferably between 0.3 and 3 mm.
    In this embodiment of the invention, the surface structural coating 6 is attached to the substrate 5 by glue 7. This glue 7 could e.g. be a dispersion adhesive such as a urea based adhesive or a wet room adhesive such as "Housing / wet room adhesive 78", or another type of adhesive with similar qualities. The main requirements for the glue 7 are that it must have an opening time (i.e., the time from which it is applied until it is no longer sticky) long enough for the time to properly place the surface-structuring coating 6 and short enough to reduce the risk of the coating 6 being displaced. In addition, the curing time must not be too long, so that the total manufacturing time of the mold is kept down. Furthermore, the glue 7 must be very strong so that the coating 6 does not detach from the substrate 5 during or after the casting process and the glue 7 must be able to withstand moisture, temperatures above 60 ° C and the glue 7 must not be dissolved or otherwise influenced by any chemical release from the concrete during the casting process.
    Extremely, the surface structural coating 6 is covered by a moisture-impervious top layer 8. This top layer 8, in this embodiment of the invention, is a layer 2-component epoxy topcoat (such as "PD, Model Toplak 1361") which creates a diffusion open and durable surface. In another embodiment of the invention, the top layer 8 could be another type of lacquer, a paint, a plastic or phenolic film or other that could provide a durable and moisture-permeable coating on the outside of the surface-structuring coating 6.
    When casting in mold 1, reinforcement gears are sometimes used to support the balcony plate 2. If this is not placed very carefully in mold 1, it may scratch very strongly in the surface of the mold. Likewise, when the molded blank 2 is to be removed from the mold 1, there is a considerable risk that the mold surface will be scratched, and finally, the concrete blank 2 will contract approx. a promillion together during the curing process, which can also severely affect the surface of the mold. It is therefore important that the topsheet 8 is so strong and scratch-resistant that it provides good protection of the surface-structuring coating 6, otherwise the coating 6 may be damaged and / or detached from the substrate.
    FIG. 4 is a top view of a section of a pattern in a piece of fiberglass fabric 9.
    Fiberglass web 9 is available as a standard on a number of different patterns and qualities, with the pattern shown being one of the more traditional. The glass fibers are gathered into webs 10 which are interwoven crosswise to create a cohesive mat of the glass fibers. The mat comprises areas where the webs 10 are double, areas where there is only one web 10 and areas where there is no are not webs 10, then the thickness of the mat will vary across the mat, making it suitable for creating a non-slip surface structure on a balcony sheet 2.
    Fig. 5 is a side view of a cross-section of a balcony plate 2 made in a mold 1 according to the invention.
    When a blank 2 has been molded into a mold 1 according to the invention, at least part of the surface of the blank 2 will have acquired the shape of the surface structural coating 6. This results in the surface comprising a series of elevations 12 which ensure that the friction between this and the underside of a foot or shoe will increase. The elevations 12 also ensure that the grip in the surface is substantially improved, e.g. if the surface is wet, as the water will tend to accumulate in the recesses 13. This ensures that the surface becomes more non-slip.
    In the foregoing, the invention is described in connection with concrete designs of molds 1, surface structural coating 6 and molding material, as shown in the drawings, but it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention can be varied in numerous ways within the scope of the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A balcony sheet mold (1) for forming balcony sheets during a molding process, said mold (1) comprising a substantially mold-stable mold structure (11) comprising one or more mold surfaces (3, 4), wherein said mold surfaces (3, 4) delimiting and shaping one or more surfaces of said balcony sheet during said molding process, which is new in that one or more of said one or more molding surfaces (3, 4) is covered in whole or in part with a surface-structuring coating (6).
    [2]
    2, A mold (1) according to claim 1, wherein said surface structural coating (6) is glass fiber web (9).
    [3]
    A mold (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said surface structuring coating (6) is affixed to said one or more mold surfaces (3, 4) by adhesive (7), such as a wet room adhesive or a urea-based adhesive. .
    [4]
    A mold (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, wherein all or part of said surface structural coating (6) is further covered by a moisture-permeable top layer (8).
    [5]
    A mold (1) according to claim 4, wherein said top layer (8) is a 2-component epoxy top coat.
    [6]
    A mold (1) according to claim 4, wherein said substantially all of said surface structural coating (6) is covered by said moisture-impervious top layer (8). DK 2007 00089 U3
    [7]
    A mold (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, wherein said mold construction (11) is made of wood.
    [8]
    A mold (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, wherein one or more of said one or more mold surfaces (3, 4) comprises one or more plywood sheets (5) having substantially smooth surfaces.
    [9]
    A mold (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, wherein said molding material 10 is concrete.
    [10]
    Use of a mold (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 9 for molding balcony sheets (2) comprising a surface calculated as a walking area.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK200700089U4|2007-05-11|
    DK200700089Y4|2007-09-14|
    DK200700089Y6|2009-07-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2011-04-08| UYA| Request for examination filed (utility model)|
    2012-07-13| UYM| Decision on examination: utility model maintained as unamended|
    2016-05-13| UUP| Utility model expired|Expiry date: 20160501 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DK200700089U|DK200700089Y6|2007-03-07|2007-03-07|A balcony sheet mold, as well as its use|DK200700089U| DK200700089Y6|2007-03-07|2007-03-07|A balcony sheet mold, as well as its use|
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